Learn how to make "don't" statements
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Ohm: สวัสดีครับ |
| Ja: Hello, and welcome back to ThaiPod101.com. This is Lower Beginner, Season 1, Lesson 13: Is it Dangerous to Eat Guava Seeds in Thailand? I'm Ja. |
| Ohm: And I'm Ohm. What are we going to learn in this lesson? |
| Ja: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to give warnings or forbid actions. |
| Ohm: This conversation takes place at Nok's apartment. |
| Ja: And it’s between two friends, Nok and Dao. |
| Ohm: The speakers are friends, so they'll be using casual Thai. |
| Ja: Alright, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| นก: ห้ามกินเม็ดฝรั่ง |
| ดาว: ทำไมล่ะ มันเป็นส่วนที่หวานที่สุดนะ |
| นก: เขาว่ากันว่าถ้ากินเม็ดฝรั่งแล้วจะเป็นไส้ติ่งอักเสบ |
| ดาว: ฉันกินมานานแล้ว ไม่เห็นมีปัญหาเลย อย่าเชื่อที่เขาพูดกันทั้งหมดสิ |
| Ja: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| นก: ห้ามกินเม็ดฝรั่ง |
| ดาว: ทำไมล่ะ มันเป็นส่วนที่หวานที่สุดนะ |
| นก: เขาว่ากันว่าถ้ากินเม็ดฝรั่งแล้วจะเป็นไส้ติ่งอักเสบ |
| ดาว: ฉันกินมานานแล้ว ไม่เห็นมีปัญหาเลย อย่าเชื่อที่เขาพูดกันทั้งหมดสิ |
| Ja: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| นก: ห้ามกินเม็ดฝรั่ง |
| Ja : Don't eat guava seeds. |
| ดาว: ทำไมล่ะ มันเป็นส่วนที่หวานที่สุดนะ |
| Ja: Why? It's the sweetest part. |
| นก: เขาว่ากันว่าถ้ากินเม็ดฝรั่งแล้วจะเป็นไส้ติ่งอักเสบ |
| Ja: They say that if you eat guava seeds you'll get appendicitis. |
| ดาว: ฉันกินมานานแล้ว ไม่เห็นมีปัญหาเลย อย่าเชื่อที่เขาพูดกันทั้งหมดสิ |
| Ja: I've eaten them for a long time. I've never had any problems. Don't believe everything they say. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Ja: Do you really think swallowing guava seeds causes appendicitis? |
| Ohm: Well, I've heard a lot of people say it's bad to eat the seeds, but then again maybe they just say that to prevent kids from damaging their teeth by biting them. |
| Ja: Yeah, guava seeds are really hard. Are there any other fruits that come with warnings? |
| Ohm: Sure. Have you heard of durian? |
| Ja: Of course, it's famous for being the most smelly fruit. |
| Ohm: Well, it's also really high in sugar, so people with diabetes or high blood pressure should avoid it. |
| Ja: Really? |
| Ohm: Yes, they also say that it's bad to drink alcohol after eating durian. If you have too much of both, you can have a heart attack. |
| Ja: Okay, I'll remember to go easy on the durian then! Now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Ja: Let’s take a look now at the vocabulary for this lesson. The first word is... |
| Ohm: ห้าม [natural native speed] |
| Ja: do not, to forbid |
| Ohm: ห้าม [slowly - broken down by syllable] ห้าม [natural native speed] |
| Ja : Next we have... |
| Ohm: ล่ะ [natural native speed] |
| Ja: Particle used at the end of a question, command, or request. |
| Ohm: ล่ะ [slowly - broken down by syllable] ล่ะ [natural native speed] |
| Ja: Our next word is... |
| Ohm: ทำไม [natural native speed] |
| Ja: why |
| Ohm: ทำไม [slowly - broken down by syllable] ทำไม [natural native speed] |
| Ja: Next... |
| Ohm: หวาน [natural native speed] |
| Ja: sweet |
| Ohm: หวาน [slowly - broken down by syllable] หวาน [natural native speed] |
| Ja: Next we have... |
| Ohm: อย่า [natural native speed] |
| Ja: don’t |
| Ohm: อย่า [slowly - broken down by syllable] อย่า [natural native speed] |
| Ja: The next word is... |
| Ohm: ทั้งหมด [natural native speed] |
| Ja: in all, everything |
| Ohm: ทั้งหมด [slowly - broken down by syllable] ทั้งหมด [natural native speed] |
| Ja: Next... |
| Ohm: เม็ด [natural native speed] |
| Ja: seed, grain |
| Ohm: เม็ด [slowly - broken down by syllable] เม็ด [natural native speed] |
| Ja: Next... |
| Ohm: ส่วน [natural native speed] |
| Ja: part, portion |
| Ohm: ส่วน [slowly - broken down by syllable] ส่วน [natural native speed] |
| Ja: Next... |
| Ohm: เขาว่ากันว่า [natural native speed] |
| Ja: they say that… |
| Ohm: เขาว่ากันว่า [slowly - broken down by syllable] : เขาว่ากันว่า [natural native speed] |
| Ja: Our last word is... |
| Ohm: ไส้ติ่งอักเสบ [natural native speed] |
| Ja: appendicitis |
| Ohm: ไส้ติ่งอักเสบ [slowly - broken down by syllable] ไส้ติ่งอักเสบ [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Ja: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word we'll look at is… |
| Ohm: ส่วน |
| Ja: This noun means "part" or "portion." You can use it in a sentence when you want to refer to one part of an object, or one division of a larger grouping. |
| Ohm: That's right. For example, ไข่แดง refers to "egg yolk," which is one part of an egg. So I could say, ไข่แดงเป็นส่วนที่มีไขมันสูง (khài-daaeng bpen sùuan thîi mii khǎi-man sǔung). |
| Ja: Meaning, "Egg yolk is the part that’s high in fat." |
| Ohm: ส่วน (sùuan) can also be used as a conjunction to start a sentence, in which case it means "as for." |
| Ja: Can you think of an example for that? |
| Ohm: Sure, how about this sentence? เพื่อนๆ ชอบดื่มกาแฟ ส่วนฉันชอบชาเย็น (phûuean-phûuean châawp dùuem gaafaae. sùuan chǎn châawp chaa-yen). |
| Ja: Meaning, "My friends like drinking coffee. As for me, I like iced tea." Okay, what's the next word? |
| Ohm: ล่ะ |
| Ja: This is a sentence ending particle used with questions and negative statements to make them sound less abrupt or rude. |
| Ohm: That's right. For example, the conversation used the following sentence: ทำไมล่ะ (tham-mai lâ). |
| Ja: Which we translated as "Why?" |
| Ohm: : Without the particle ล่ะ (lâ), we would just have the question word ทำไม (tham-mai), all by itself. |
| Ja: And that may sound short and demanding if nothing is placed after it. So, it's a little better to add the particle. Okay, Ohm, what's the last phrase? |
| Ohm: เขาว่ากันว่า |
| Ja: This phrase means "people say" or "they say." |
| Ohm: Yes. เขาว่ากันว่า usually comes at the beginning of a sentence and is like saying, "They say that…" |
| Ja: Can you think of a new sentence to demonstrate it? |
| Ohm: Sure! เขาว่ากันว่า บ้านหลังนี้เป็นบ้านผีสิง (khǎo wâa gan wâa bâan lǎng níi bpen bâan phǐi sǐng). |
| Ja: Meaning, "They say that this house is haunted." Okay, now on to the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
| Ja: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to say "don't" to forbid an action or give a warning. |
| Ohm: There are three basic ways to say "don't" in Thai. They are อย่า (yàa), ไม่ต้อง (mâi dtâwng), and ห้าม (hâam). |
| Ja: These three are used in slightly different situations, so we'll look at them one by one. The first is... |
| Ohm: อย่า (yàa). You use it to give commands. |
| Ja: Typically, it starts a sentence, and can be translated as "don't" in English. In the example from the conversation, Dao gives Nok strong advice. |
| Ohm: She says, อย่าเชื่อที่เขาพูดกันทั้งหมดสิ (yàa chûuea thîi khǎo phûut gan tháng-mòt sì). |
| Ja: "Don't believe everything they say." So the key part of the sentence is "don't," and it’s placed before the verb... |
| Ohm: อย่าเชื่อ. In this sentence, เชื่อ is the verb "to believe." |
| Ja: In one of our sample sentences, the speaker is commanding somebody to not forget something important. |
| Ohm: อย่าลืมดูข่าวคืนนี้นะ (yàa luuem duu khàao khuuen níi ná). |
| Ja: "Don't forget to watch tonight's news." In this case, the key phrase "don't forget" is อย่าลืม. Okay, Ohm, what’s the second way to say "don't?” |
| Ohm: ไม่ต้อง (mâi dtâwng), which is not as strong sounding as อย่า (yàa). ไม่ (mâi) is the negative particle meaning "not," and ต้อง (dtâwng) means "need to" or "must." |
| Ja: So this is like saying "you don't have to" instead of "don't," which makes it a little less strong. What’s a typical situation where you'd use this phrase? |
| Ohm: Well, you might use ไม่ต้อง (mâi dtâwng) when you’re telling a shop clerk that you don't need a bag. That would be ไม่ต้องใส่ถุง (mâi dtâwng sài thŭng). |
| Ja: "You don't need to put it in a bag." Alright, we've got two down and one to go. What's the third way to say "don't" in Thai? |
| Ohm: ห้าม (hâam) |
| Ja: And this has a meaning closer to "to forbid", or “do not” in a stronger sense than อย่า (yàa). It's used mostly on signs or when someone is stating a rule. |
| Ohm: That's right. Parents use ห้าม when they’re telling their children that an action is forbidden. |
| Ja: In the conversation, Nok gave Dao advice in a very strong way, as if establishing a rule. |
| Ohm: ห้ามกินเม็ดฝรั่ง (hâam gin mét fà-ràng). |
| Ja: Meaning, "Don't eat guava seeds." We could also translate this sentence as, "Eating guava seeds is not allowed." Ohm, can you think of another example of where you might use this phrase? |
| Ohm: If you visit a library, they may have a list of rules posted that say, ห้ามคุยในห้องสมุด (hâam khui nai hâwng-sà-mùt). |
| Ja: "Talking in the library is forbidden." |
Outro |
| Ohm: Well, that's all the time we have for this lesson. |
| Ja: Be sure to check out the lesson notes for more examples and explanations. |
| Ohm: Thanks for listening, and we'll see you in the next lesson. |
| Ja: See you next time, bye! |
| Ohm: แล้วเจอกันครับ สวัสดีครับ |
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