Learn about different uses of the Thai verb hai
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Pim: สวัสดีค่ะ (sà-wàt-dii khâ) |
| Ryan: Ryan here! Beginner Season 1 , Lesson 21 - Learning To Give in Thailand |
| Ryan: Hello, and welcome back to the ThaiPOD101.com , the fastest, easiest and most fun way to learn Thai! I'm joined in the studio by... |
| Pim: Hello everyone. Pim here. |
| Ryan: In this lesson you'll will learn about different uses of the verb hâi. |
| Pim: This conversation takes place at Chiang Mai University. |
| Ryan: The conversation is between Prof. Somsi, and some international students James, Yuki, and Rajeesh. |
| Pim: The speakers are students in a classroom, so they will be speaking formal Thai with their teacher, but informal Thai with each other after the class has let out. |
| DIALOGUE |
| อาจารย์สมศรี: เอาล่ะทุกคนสำหรับวันนี้ก็แค่นี้ การบ้านของวันนี้ ให้นักเรียนทุกคนเขียนตัวอักษรฎถึงณ เขียนให้สวยนะคะทุกคน |
| (aa-jaan sǒm-sǐi: ao lâ thúk-khon sǎm-ràp wan-níi gâaw khâae níi. gaan-bâan khǎawng wan-níi hâi nák-riian thúk-khon khǐian dtuua àk-sǎawn “daaw-chá-daa” thǔeng “naaw-neen”. khǐian hâi sǔuai ná khá thúk-khon.) |
| นักเรียนทุกคน: ทราบแล้วค่ะ/ครับ |
| (nák-riian thúk-khon: sâap láaeo khâ/khráp.) |
| ราจีส: นี่เจมส์ ยูกิ คืนนี้ว่างไหม ไปนั่งฟังเพลงที่รีเวอร์ไซด์กันไหม |
| (raa-jìit: nîi jeem yuu-gì khuuen níi wâang mǎi. bpai nâng fang phleeng thîi rii-wooe-sai gan mǎi.) |
| ยูกิ: ขอโทษจ้ะราจีส...เราคงไปด้วยไม่ได้หรอกนะจ๊ะเพราะว่าวันนี้เป็นวันธรรมดาคุณแม่ของเราไม่ให้กลับบ้านดึก |
| (yuu-gì: khǎaw-thôot jâ raa-jìit...rao khong bpai dûuai mâi dâai ràawk ná já phráw wâa wan-níi bpen wan-tham-má-daa khun-mâae khǎawng rao mâi hâi glàp bâan dùek.) |
| ราจีส: อ้อ...ไม่เป็นไรจ้ะยูกิ แล้ว เจมส์ล่ะไปได้ไหม |
| (raa-jìit: âaw...mâi bpen rai jâ yuu-gì. láaeo jeem lâ bpai dâai mǎi.) |
| เจมส์: เราไปได้ แต่ว่าเราต้องแวะรับเสื้อผ้าให้คุณแม่ที่ร้านซักรีดก่อน |
| (jeem: rao bpai dâai. dtàae wâa dtâwng wáe-ráp sûuea-phâa hâi khun-mâae thîi ráan-sák-rîit gàawn.) |
| ราจีส: ได้สิครับ ไม่มีปัญหา |
| (raa-jìit: dâai sì khráp. mâi mii bpan-hǎa.) |
| Ryan: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| อาจารย์สมศรี: เอาล่ะทุกคนสำหรับวันนี้ก็แค่นี้ การบ้านของวันนี้ ให้นักเรียนทุกคนเขียนตัวอักษรฎถึงณ เขียนให้สวยนะคะทุกคน |
| (aa-jaan sǒm-sǐi: ao lâ thúk-khon sǎm-ràp wan-níi gâaw khâae níi. gaan-bâan khǎawng wan-níi hâi nák-riian thúk-khon khǐian dtuua àk-sǎawn “daaw-chá-daa” thǔeng “naaw-neen”. khǐian hâi sǔuai ná khá thúk-khon.) |
| นักเรียนทุกคน: ทราบแล้วค่ะ/ครับ |
| (nák-riian thúk-khon: sâap láaeo khâ/khráp.) |
| ราจีส: นี่เจมส์ ยูกิ คืนนี้ว่างไหม ไปนั่งฟังเพลงที่รีเวอร์ไซด์กันไหม |
| (raa-jìit: nîi jeem yuu-gì khuuen níi wâang mǎi. bpai nâng fang phleeng thîi rii-wooe-sai gan mǎi.) |
| ยูกิ: ขอโทษจ้ะราจีส...เราคงไปด้วยไม่ได้หรอกนะจ๊ะเพราะว่าวันนี้เป็นวันธรรมดาคุณแม่ของเราไม่ให้กลับบ้านดึก |
| (yuu-gì: khǎaw-thôot jâ raa-jìit...rao khong bpai dûuai mâi dâai ràawk ná já phráw wâa wan-níi bpen wan-tham-má-daa khun-mâae khǎawng rao mâi hâi glàp bâan dùek.) |
| ราจีส: อ้อ...ไม่เป็นไรจ้ะยูกิ แล้ว เจมส์ล่ะไปได้ไหม |
| (raa-jìit: âaw...mâi bpen rai jâ yuu-gì. láaeo jeem lâ bpai dâai mǎi.) |
| เจมส์: เราไปได้ แต่ว่าเราต้องแวะรับเสื้อผ้าให้คุณแม่ที่ร้านซักรีดก่อน |
| (jeem: rao bpai dâai. dtàae wâa dtâwng wáe-ráp sûuea-phâa hâi khun-mâae thîi ráan-sák-rîit gàawn.) |
| ราจีส: ได้สิครับ ไม่มีปัญหา |
| (raa-jìit: dâai sì khráp. mâi mii bpan-hǎa.) |
| Ryan: Now let's hear it with the English translation. |
| อาจารย์สมศรี: เอาล่ะทุกคนสำหรับวันนี้ก็แค่นี้ การบ้านของวันนี้ ให้นักเรียนทุกคนเขียนตัวอักษรฎถึงณ เขียนให้สวยนะคะทุกคน |
| (aa-jaan sǒm-sǐi: ao lâ thúk-khon sǎm-ràp wan-níi gâaw khâae níi. gaan-bâan khǎawng wan-níi hâi nák-riian thúk-khon khǐian dtuua àk-sǎawn “daaw-chá-daa” thǔeng “naaw-neen”. khǐian hâi sǔuai ná khá thúk-khon.) |
| Prof. Somsi: OK, everyone, that's all for today. For today's homework, every student write the letters daaw chá-daa to naaw neen. Write them beautifully, OK, everyone? |
| นักเรียนทุกคน: ทราบแล้วค่ะ/ครับ |
| (nák-riian thúk-khon: sâap láaeo khâ/khráp.) |
| All students: Yes, we know. |
| ราจีส: นี่เจมส์ ยูกิ คืนนี้ว่างไหม ไปนั่งฟังเพลงที่รีเวอร์ไซด์กันไหม |
| (raa-jìit: nîi jeem yuu-gì khuuen níi wâang mǎi. bpai nâng fang phleeng thîi rii-wooe-sai gan mǎi.) |
| Rajeesh: Hey, James and Yuki, are you free tonight? Do you want to go sit and listen to music at the Riverside? |
| ยูกิ: ขอโทษจ้ะราจีส...เราคงไปด้วยไม่ได้หรอกนะจ๊ะเพราะว่าวันนี้เป็นวันธรรมดาคุณแม่ของเราไม่ให้กลับบ้านดึก |
| (yuu-gì: khǎaw-thôot jâ raa-jìit...rao khong bpai dûuai mâi dâai ràawk ná já phráw wâa wan-níi bpen wan-tham-má-daa khun-mâae khǎawng rao mâi hâi glàp bâan dùek.) |
| Yuki: I'm sorry, Rajeesh. I might not really be able to go because today's a weekday and my host mother won't let me stay out late. |
| ราจีส: อ้อ...ไม่เป็นไรจ้ะยูกิ แล้ว เจมส์ล่ะไปได้ไหม |
| (raa-jìit: âaw...mâi bpen rai jâ yuu-gì. láaeo jeem lâ bpai dâai mǎi.) |
| Rajeesh: Oh, that's OK, Yuki. What about you, James? Can you go? |
| เจมส์: เราไปได้ แต่ว่าเราต้องแวะรับเสื้อผ้าให้คุณแม่ที่ร้านซักรีดก่อน |
| (jeem: rao bpai dâai. dtàae wâa dtâwng wáe-ráp sûuea-phâa hâi khun-mâae thîi ráan-sák-rîit gàawn.) |
| James: I can go, but I have to stop and pick up some clothes at the laundry shop for my host mother first. |
| ราจีส: ได้สิครับ ไม่มีปัญหา |
| (raa-jìit: dâai sì khráp. mâi mii bpan-hǎa.) |
| Rajeesh: Sure. No problem. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Ryan: Hey, khru Pim, in the conversation James says he needs to pick up some clothes at the ráan-sák-rîit. Is that just like a laundromat? |
| Pim: No, it’s quite different. ráan-sák-rîit is a full-service laundry shop. sák means “wash” and rîit means “iron”. You drop off your clothes and pick them up later with everything freshly ironed. |
| Ryan: Wow, is it expensive? |
| Pim: No it’s quite reasonably priced. Many Thai people have their clothes washed at a ráan-sák-rîit on a regular basis. |
| Ryan: And you said everything will be freshly ironed. But surely you don’t mean everything. If I dropped off a load of T-shirts and boxer shorts they wouldn’t iron those would they? |
| Pim: Well, actually, if you don’t tell them otherwise the service will just assume that you want everything washed, dried, and ironed. If you don’t want it ironed you can say “sák hâaeng”, which means “wash and dry”, or you could also say “mâi dtâwng rîit”, which means “I don’t need it ironed”. |
| Ryan: Sounds great. The ráan-sák-rîit certainly makes life in Thailand easier. Ok, now on to the vocabulary. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Ryan: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word we shall see is: |
| Pim: สำหรับ (sǎm-ràp) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: for |
| Pim: สำหรับ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: สำหรับ [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: การบ้าน (gaan-bâan) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: homework |
| Pim: การบ้าน [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: การบ้าน [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: เขียน (khǐian) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: to write |
| Pim: เขียน [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: เขียน [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: ตัวอักษร (dtuua-àk-sǎawn) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: letter of the alphabet |
| Pim: ตัวอักษร [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: ตัวอักษร [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: ทราบ (sâap) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: to know (polite) |
| Pim: ทราบ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: ทราบ [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: กลับบ้าน (glàp bâan) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: return home |
| Pim: กลับบ้าน [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: กลับบ้าน [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: ดึก (dùek) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: late at night |
| Pim: ดึก [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: ดึก [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: แวะรับ (wáe-ráp) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: stop by and pick up |
| Pim: แวะรับ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: แวะรับ [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: เสื้อผ้า (sûuea-phâa) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: clothing |
| Pim: เสื้อผ้า [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: เสื้อผ้า [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Pim: ร้านซักรีด (ráan-sák-rîit) [natural native speed] |
| Ryan: laundry shop |
| Pim: ร้านซักรีด [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Pim: ร้านซักรีด [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Ryan: Let's have a closer look at the usuage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Pim: หรอก (ràawk) |
| Ryan: It means “not really”. It’s used at the end of negative statement to “soften the blow” of the negativity. |
| Pim: Right, for example, in the conversation, we had, เราคงไปด้วยไม่ได้หรอกนะจ๊ะ (rao khong bpai dûuai mâi dâai ràawk ná já), |
| Ryan: “I might not really be able to go with.” |
| Pim: Since Yuki would like to join her friends but isn’t able to, she uses หรอก to soften her rejection of the invitation. |
| Ryan: OK, and the next phrase is... |
| Pim: แต่ว่า (dtàae wâa) |
| Ryan: แต่ (dtàae) means “but” or “only”, and ว่า (wâa) is the conjunction “that”. |
| Pim: Together it means “Only that...” or “It’s just that...” You use it at the beginning of a sentence to set up a contrast with the previous sentence. |
| Ryan: We might also say “Except for the fact that” was an English equivalent to แต่ว่า (dtàae wâa) |
| Pim: Be sure not to confuse it with the reverse, ว่าแต่ (wâa dtàae), which is a conjunction meaning “as for”. |
| Ryan: Alright, and what’s the final phase? |
| Pim: ไม่มีปัญหา (mâi mii bpan-hǎa) |
| Ryan: It literally means “I don’t have a problem.” |
| Pim: Right. ปัญหา is the Thai word for problem. When you say ไม่มีปัญหา (mâi mii bpan-hǎa) it’s like saying “I don’t have any problem with that.” or “Hey, it’s no problem.” |
| Ryan: Doesn’t the common phrase ไม่เป็นไร (mâi-bpen-rai) also mean “no problem” in Thai? |
| Pim: We use it in situations where you’d say “no problem” in English. But ไม่เป็นไร (mâi-bpen-rai) actually means “it’s nothing”. However, ไม่มีปัญหา (mâi mii bpan-hǎa) literally means “don’t have a problem”. |
| Ryan: OK, I get it. Now let’s have a look at the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Ryan: The focus of today’s grammar is different uses of the verb ให้ (hâi). |
| Pim: The verb ให้ (hâi) , which means “to give”, is one of the most commonly used and important words in the Thai language. There are many ways to use it in a sentence. So sometimes it means other things such as “to allow”, “to cause”, “to have someone do something”, or “so that”. |
| Ryan: OK, let’s start with the basic meaning of “to give”. The pattern for its use is |
| Subject + ให้ (hâi) + Direct Object + Indirect Object |
| Pim: Right. Also we often include the word กับ before the indirect object. For example, |
| ดิฉันให้ขนมกับคุณแม่ (dì-chǎn hâi khà-nǒm gàp khun mâae) |
| Ryan: “I gave snacks to mother.” Let’s break it up into two parts. |
| Pim: ดิฉันให้ขนม (dì-chǎn hâi khà-nǒm) |
| Ryan: “I give snacks” |
| Pim: กับคุณแม่ (gàp khun mâae) |
| Ryan: “to mother”. Mother is the indirect object. What is the next way to use ให้ (hâi)? |
| Pim: ให้ (hâi) can mean “to allow” or “to let” when it comes before a pronoun or noun. Do you think you can guess how to say “Mother won’t let me eat snacks.” |
| Ryan: Let’s see. คุณแม่ไม่ให้ (khun mâae mâi hâi) should be “mother won’t allow”. And ผมกินขนม (phǒm gin khà-nǒm) is “I eat snacks”. So put together we’d have คุณแม่ไม่ให้ผมกินขนม (khun mâae mâi hâi phǒm gin khà-nǒm) |
| Pim: That’s right. Now I’ll give you another example. The word for “boss” is นาย (naai). The word for “employee” is พนักงาน (phá-nák-ngaan). And กลับบ้านเร็ว (glàp bâan reo) means “go home quickly.” So what does it mean if I say นายให้พนักงานกลับบ้านเร็ว (naai hâi phá-nák-ngaan glàp bâan reo) |
| Ryan: “The boss allowed the employees to go home early.” |
| Pim: When ให้ (hâi) comes after a verb it can mean “for”. For example, I can ask a question ใครซื้อขนมให้คุณ (khrai súue khà-nǒm hâi khun) |
| Ryan: “Who bought snacks for you.” ซื้อ (súue) is the verb “to buy”, so ซื้อขนมให้ (súue khà-nǒm hâi) is “buy snacks for”. |
| Pim: Exactly, and in this type of sentence the objects of the verb are often left off if they’re understood. So you can answer the question with แม่ซื้อให้ (mâae súue hâi) |
| Ryan: “Mom bought them for me.” But all that’s actually stated is “Mom bought for.” |
| Pim: ให้ (hâi) is also used say “have (somebody) do (something)”. The pattern is the subject + ให้ (hâi) + a person + a verb. For example, นายให้พนักงานมาทำงานในวันอาทิตย์ (naai hâi phá-nák-ngaan maa tham-ngaan nai wan-aa-thít), |
| Ryan: “The boss made the employees come in to work on a Sunday.” Let’s break this one up into parts also. |
| Pim: นายให้พนักงาน (naai hâi phá-nák-ngaan) |
| Ryan: “The boss had the employees.” |
| Pim: มาทำงานในวันอาทิตย์ (maa tham-ngaan nai wan-aa-thít) |
| Ryan: “come to work on a Sunday.” Ok, and together once more. |
| Pim: นายให้พนักงานมาทำงานในวันอาทิตย์ (naai hâi phá-nák-ngaan maa tham-ngaan nai wan-aa-thít). |
| Ryan: Alright, there’s just one more really important function of ให้ (hâi) that I want to make sure we cover. That is when you use ให้ (hâi) after a verb to say that the action is performed on the object “until” it reaches a certain state, or “so that” it’s done in a certain manner. Khru Pim, can you think of a good example to illustrate this use? |
| Pim: Sure I have a few. How about เขียนให้สวย (khǐian hâi sǔuai), |
| Ryan: “Write so that it’s beautiful” |
| Pim: กินให้หมด (gin hâi mòt), |
| Ryan: “Eat until it’s gone.” |
| Pim: พูดให้ถูก (phûut hâi thùuk), |
| Ryan: “Speak in a way that’s truthful.” Like we said, ให้ (hâi) is a very important word with many different uses so make sure to check out the lesson notes for an explanation in more detail. |
Outro |
| Ryan: That just about does it for today. |
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| Pim: แล้วพบกันใหม่ค่ะ (láaeo phóp gan mài khâ) |
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